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The rookie must see - the working principle of the voltage regulator diode
Publish：SHENZHEN ENXIC ELECTRONICS CO., LTD,Schottky diodes, rectifier diodes, fast recovery diodes, switching transistors, thermistors, MOS tube, TVS tube, Youze Electronics Time：2017-12-13 Views:1292
Voltage regulated diodes (also called zener diodes) are commonly used in surge protection circuits - a voltage regulated under accurate voltage, which makes it possible to use as a restricted or protected component because the voltage regulator can be obtained, so it is suitable for this application.
Principle of voltage regulated diode
The positive characteristic of the voltage - ampere characteristic curve of the voltage regulator is similar to that of the ordinary diode. The reverse characteristic is that the reverse resistance is very large and the reverse leakage current is very small when the reverse voltage is lower than the reverse breakdown voltage. However, when the reverse voltage is near the critical value of the reverse voltage, the reverse current suddenly increases, called the breakdown, and at this critical breakdown point, the reverse resistance suddenly drops to a very small value. Although the current is changed in a large range, the voltage at both ends of the diode is basically stable near the breakdown voltage, thus realizing the voltage stabilizing function of the diode.
The main parameters of the regulator
(1) stable voltage UZ
The stable voltage is the voltage value at the two ends of the tube when the diode is working normally. This value varies slightly with the working current and temperature. The stable voltage value of the same type of diode is also a certain dispersion, for example, the stable voltage of the 2CW14 silicon diode is 6 ~ 7.5V.
(2) stable current IZ
Steady current: the minimum reverse current required for a diode to operate at a stable voltage.
The maximum stable current is the maximum reverse current allowed by a zener diode.
(3) dynamic resistance rZ
In the stable voltage range, the ratio of the voltage at the two ends of the tube to the change of the working current is proportional to the variation of the current. RZ = UZ / IZ
(4) maximum dissipative power PZM
When the reverse current passes through the PN junction of the zener diode, a certain power loss will be generated, and the temperature of PN junction will also rise. According to the permissible PN junction working temperature, the dissipative power of the tube is determined. Usually a small power tube is about a few hundred milliwatts to a few watts.
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